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[Android] 17. ViewPager / 옵션 메뉴, 액션 바 / 라이브러리 추가, 탭 만들어서 여러 프래그먼트 보기 본문
취업성공패키지 SW 개발자 교육/Android
[Android] 17. ViewPager / 옵션 메뉴, 액션 바 / 라이브러리 추가, 탭 만들어서 여러 프래그먼트 보기
upcake_ 2020. 5. 28. 09:18반응형
https://github.com/upcake/Class_Examples
교육 중에 작성한 예제들은 깃허브에 올려두고 있습니다.
gif 파일은 클릭해서 보는 것이 정확합니다.
- ViewPager -
▼activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="두 번째 화면 보여주기"
android:textSize="24sp" />
<!--뷰페이저 : 화면을 여러개 나열하고 옆으로 넘기게 하는것-->
<androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager
android:id="@+id/pager"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<!--탭을 만들어주는 태그 PagerTabStrip-->
<androidx.viewpager.widget.PagerTabStrip
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#CDDC39"
android:paddingTop="5dp"
android:paddingBottom="5dp" />
</androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager>
</LinearLayout>
▼MainActivity.java
package com.example.my22_viewpager;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentStatePagerAdapter;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//객체 선언
Button button1;
ViewPager pager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//객체 초기화
button1 = findViewById(R.id.button1);
pager = findViewById(R.id.pager);
//페이저 기능 추가
//setOffscreenPageLimit() : 좌우를 포함해해 미리 생성해 둘 페이지 수
pager.setOffscreenPageLimit(3);
//페이저 어댑터 객체 초기화
//MyPagerAdapter는 프래그먼트매니저를 매개 변수로 받는다.
MyPagerAdapter adapter = new MyPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
//프래그먼트 객체 초기화
Fragment1 fragment1 = new Fragment1();
Fragment2 fragment2 = new Fragment2();
Fragment3 fragment3 = new Fragment3();
//어댑터에 프래그먼트 추가
adapter.addItem(fragment1);
adapter.addItem(fragment2);
adapter.addItem(fragment3);
//페이저에 어댑터를 붙여준다.
pager.setAdapter(adapter);
//버튼 초기화, 기능 추가
Button button1 = findViewById(R.id.button1);
button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//페이저에서 이동할 좌표를 지정하는 메서드
pager.setCurrentItem(1);
}
});
}
class MyPagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {
//MyPagerAdapter 클래스를 만들고 Alt + Enter로 implement 하고 생성자를 만든다
public MyPagerAdapter(@NonNull FragmentManager fm) {
super(fm);
}
//Fragment를 넣을 리스트 초기화
ArrayList<Fragment> items = new ArrayList<>();
//리스트에 프래그먼트를 추가하는 메서드를 만든다
public void addItem(Fragment item) {
items.add(item);
}
@NonNull
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int position) {
//items의 프래그먼트 인덱스를 받아서 리턴하게끔 설정
return items.get(position);
}
//items에 들어있는 원소의 갯수를 반환
@Override
public int getCount() {
return items.size();
}
//CharSequence : 어떤 글자를 넘길 것인가
@Nullable
@Override
public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
return "페이지" + (position + 1);
}
}
}
▼fragment1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#00BCD4">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="첫 번째"/>
</LinearLayout>
▼Fragment1.java
package com.example.my22_viewpager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//XML, java 연결
//XML이 메인에 직접 붙으면 true, 프래그먼트에 붙으면 false
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1, container, false);
return rootView;
}
}
▼fragment2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#2196F3">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="두 번째"/>
</LinearLayout>
▼Fragment2.java
package com.example.my22_viewpager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//XML과 java 연결
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2, container, false);
return rootView;
}
}
▼fragment3.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#673AB7">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button4"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="세 번째"/>
</LinearLayout>
▼Fragment3.java
package com.example.my22_viewpager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment3, container, false);
return rootView;
}
}
- 옵션 메뉴, 액션 바 -
▼activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World!"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
▼MainActivity.java
package com.example.my23_optionmenu;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.ActionBar;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//액션바 객체 선언
ActionBar bar;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
bar = getSupportActionBar();
//액션바 안보이게 설정 방법 ①
// bar.hide();
//액션바 로고 바꾸기
bar.setLogo(R.drawable.back);
bar.setDisplayOptions(ActionBar.DISPLAY_HOME_AS_UP);
//로고 클릭할 때 이벤트 발생하게 설정
bar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
}
//옵션 메뉴 붙이기
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
//getMenuInflater() : 프래그먼트 매니저와 비슷한 역할을 함
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_option, menu);
return true;
}
//옵션 아이콘을 클릭했을 때 이벤트 발생하게끔 설정
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
int curId = item.getItemId();
switch (curId) {
case R.id.menu_refresh :
Toast.makeText(this, "새로고침 메뉴 눌림...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.menu_search :
Toast.makeText(this, "검색 메뉴 눌림...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.menu_settings :
Toast.makeText(this, "설정 메뉴 눌림...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
//ancroid.R.id.home이 로고의 자리
case android.R.id.home :
Toast.makeText(this, "홈 메뉴 눌림...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
this.finish();
break;
}
return true;
}
}
▼menu_option.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<!--새로고침 버튼-->
<!--app:showAsAction : 어떻게, 언제 보이게 할건지 설정-->
<!--always : 항상 아이콘으로 보여줌-->
<!--never : 더보기 버튼을 눌러야 타이틀이 보임-->
<!--orderInCategory : 보이는 순서 설정-->
<item
android:id="@+id/menu_refresh"
android:title="새로고침"
android:icon="@drawable/menu_refresh"
app:showAsAction="always"
android:orderInCategory="101" />
<!--검색 버튼-->
<item
android:id="@+id/menu_search"
android:title="검색"
android:icon="@drawable/menu_search"
app:showAsAction="always"
android:orderInCategory="103" />
<!--설정 버튼-->
<item
android:id="@+id/menu_settings"
android:title="설정"
android:icon="@drawable/menu_settings"
app:showAsAction="always"
android:orderInCategory="105" />
</menu>
▼styles.xml
<resources>
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<!--액션바 테마 설정-->
<!--액션바 안보이게 설정 방법 ②-->
<!--NoActionBar : 액션바가 안보이게끔 설정-->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
</style>
</resources>
- 라이브러리 추가, 탭 만들어서 여러 프래그먼트 보기 -
○ 라이브러리를 추가하는 법
① Gradle Scripts → build.gradle (Moudle: app) - dependencies 블록에 implementation 문장을 작성한다.
implementation 'com.android.support:design:29.0.0'
② File → New → Project Structure → Dependencies → Add(+) Library Dependency
- 작성한 뒤에 우측 상단의 Sync Now를 눌러 제대로 작성됐는지 확인한다.
▼activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<!--전체적인 레이아웃을 잡음-->
<androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<!--액션바 레이아웃-->
<com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="clip_horizontal|center"
android:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark.ActionBar">
<androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar
android:id="@+id/toolbar"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@color/design_default_color_primary_dark"
android:elevation="1dp"
android:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark">
<!--elevation : 약간 떠있는 느낌-->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/titleText"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="타이틀"
android:textAppearance="@style/Widget.AppCompat.Toolbar"
android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
android:textSize="24sp" />
</androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar>
<!--탭 레이아웃-->
<com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout
android:id="@+id/tabs"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@android:color/background_light"
android:elevation="1dp"
app:tabGravity="fill"
app:tabMode="fixed"
app:tabSelectedTextColor="@color/colorAccent"
app:tabTextColor="@color/colorPrimaryDark" />
</com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout>
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/contatiner"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
app:layout_behavior="com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout$ScrollingViewBehavior">
</FrameLayout>
</androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
▼MainActivity.java
package com.example.my24_tab1;
import androidx.appcompat.app.ActionBar;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//로그캣 사용 준비
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
//객체 선언
Toolbar toolbar;
TabLayout tabs;
Fragment1 fragment1;
Fragment2 fragment2;
Fragment3 fragment3;
Fragment selected = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//툴바 설정
toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
// setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
//액션바 설정
ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();
actionBar.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(false);
actionBar.hide();
//프래그먼트 초기화
fragment1 = new Fragment1();
fragment2 = new Fragment2();
fragment3 = new Fragment3();
//프래그먼트 넣기(바꾸기)
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.contatiner, fragment1).commit();
//탭 만들기 (동적)
tabs = findViewById(R.id.tabs);
tabs.addTab(tabs.newTab().setText("통화 기록"));
tabs.addTab(tabs.newTab().setText("스팸 기록"));
tabs.addTab(tabs.newTab().setText("연락처"));
//탭이 선택되었을때 작동하는 메서드
tabs.setOnTabSelectedListener(new TabLayout.OnTabSelectedListener() {
@Override
public void onTabSelected(TabLayout.Tab tab) {
int position = tab.getPosition();
Log.d(TAG, "선택된 탭 : " + position);
if (position == 0) {
selected = fragment1;
} else if (position == 1) {
selected = fragment2;
} else if (position == 2) {
selected = fragment3;
}
//선택된 프래그먼트로 바꾸기
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.contatiner, selected).commit();
}
@Override
public void onTabUnselected(TabLayout.Tab tab) {
}
@Override
public void onTabReselected(TabLayout.Tab tab) {
}
});
}
}
▼fragment1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#00BCD4">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="첫 번째"/>
</LinearLayout>
▼Fragment1.java
package com.example.my24_tab1;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//XML, java 연결
//XML이 메인에 직접 붙으면 true, 프래그먼트에 붙으면 false
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1, container, false);
return rootView;
}
}
▼fragment2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#2196F3">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="두 번째"/>
</LinearLayout>
▼Fragment2.java
package com.example.my24_tab1;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//XML과 java 연결
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2, container, false);
return rootView;
}
}
▼fragment3.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#673AB7">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button4"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="세 번째"/>
</LinearLayout>
▼Fragment3.java
package com.example.my24_tab1;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment3, container, false);
return rootView;
}
}
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